Tongariro National Park (/ˈtɒŋɡərɪroʊ/; Māori: [tɔŋaɾiɾɔ]) is the oldest countrywide park in New Zealand,[1] positioned withinside the principal North Island. It has been stated with the aid of using UNESCO as a World Heritage Site of blended cultural and herbal values.
Tongariro National Park
became the 6th countrywide park[2] set up withinside the world.[1] The lively volcanic mountains Ruapehu, Ngauruhoe, and Tongariro are positioned withinside the centre of the park.[1]
There are
- There are
There are
some of Māori spiritual webweb sites in the park,[3] and among the park's summits, consisting of Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu, are tapu, or sacred.[4] The park consists of many cities round its boundary consisting of Ohakune, Waiouru, Horopito, Pokaka, Erua, National Park Village, Whakapapa skifield and Turangi.
The Tongariro National Park is
- The Tongariro National Park is
The Tongariro National Park is
domestic to the famed Tongariro Alpine Crossing, broadly appeared as one of the world's nice one-day hikes.[5]Tongariro National Park covers 786 km2 stretching among 175° 22' and 175° 48' East and 38° 58' and 39° 25' South withinside the coronary heart of the North Island of New Zealand.[6] It is only a few kilometres west-southwest of Lake Taupo. It is 330 km south of Auckland with the aid of using road, and 320 km north of Wellington. It incorporates a sizable a part of the North Island Volcanic Plateau. Directly to the east stand the hills of the Kaimanawa range. The Whanganui River rises in the park and flows thru Whanganui National Park to the west.
Most of the park is
- Most of the park is
Most of the park is
positioned withinside the Ruapehu District (Manawatū-Whanganui region), despite the fact that the northeast is withinside the Taupo District (Waikato Region, or Hawke's Bay Region to the north).
DimensionTongariro National Park stretches
- DimensionTongariro National Park stretches
DimensionTongariro National Park stretches
across the massif of the 3 lively volcanoes Mount Ruapehu, Mount Ngauruhoe, and Mount Tongariro. The Pihanga Scenic Reserve, containing Lake Rotopounamu, Mount Pihanga and the Kakaramea-Tihia Massif, aleven though break free the primary park location, remains a part of the countrywide park.
On the park borders are the
- On the park borders are the
On the park borders are the
cities of Turangi, National Park Village and Ohakune. Further away are Waiouru and Raetihi. Within the park borders, the best settlements are the tourism-primarily based totally village at Whakapapa Village which is composed entirely of ski accommodation. Two Maori kainga (settlements) Papakai and Otukou aren't a part of the park however lie at the beaches of Lake Rotoaira among the Pihanga Scenic Reserve and the primary park location.
The bulk of Tongariro National Park is surrounded
- The bulk of Tongariro National Park is surrounded
The bulk of Tongariro National Park is surrounded
with the aid of using well-maintained roads that kind of comply with the park borders and offer smooth get right of entry to. In the west, State Highway four passes National Park village, and withinside the east, State Highway 1, regarded for this stretch because the Desert Road, runs parallel to the Tongariro River. State Highway forty seven joins those highways to the north of tons of the park, even though it bisects the Pihanga Scenic Reserve. The southern hyperlink is State Highway 49. The North Island Main Trunk railway from Auckland to Wellington passes National Park village.Like the entire of New Zealand, Tongariro National Park is located in a temperate zone. The triumphing westerly winds acquire water over the Tasman Sea. As the volcanoes of Tongariro National Park are the primary large elevations that those winds come across at the North Island, except Mount Taranaki, rain falls nearly daily. The east–west rainfall variations aren't as fantastic as withinside the Southern Alps, due to the fact the 3 volcanoes do now no longer belong to a extra mountain range, however there's nonetheless a sizeable rain shadow impact with the Rangipo wasteland at the Eastern leeward facet receiving 1,000 mm of annual rainfall. At Whakapapa Village (1119 m) the common annual rainfall is ready 2200 mm, in Ohakune (610 m) approximately 1250 mm and in better altitudes, consisting of Iwikau Village (1770 m), approximately 4900 mm. In iciness there's snow to approximately 1500 m. Temperatures range dramatically, even inside one day. In Whakapapa, they are able to fall under the freezing factor all yr round. The common temperature is thirteen °C, with a most of 25 °C in summer time season and a minimal of -10 °C in iciness. In a few summers the summits of the 3 volcanoes are included with snow; on pinnacle of Mount Ruapehu, snow fields may be observed each summer time season and the summit is glaciated.[7]The mountain summits are of fantastic importance to the neighborhood Māori. In 1886 with a purpose to save you the promoting of the mountains to European settlers, the neighborhood Ngati Tuwharetoa iwi had the mountains surveyed withinside the Native Land Court after which set aside (whakatapua) as a reserve withinside the names of sure chiefs certainly considered one among whom became Te Heuheu Tukino IV (Horonuku), the maximum large leader of the Māori Ngati Tuwharetoa iwi. Later the peaks of Mount Tongariro, Mount Ngauruhoe, and components of Mount Ruapehu, have been conveyed to The Crown on 23 September 1887, on circumstance that a blanketed location became set up there.
This 26.
- This 26.
This 26.
four km2 location became commonly taken into consideration to be too small to set up a countrywide park after the version of Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, United States, and so similarly regions have been acquired. When the New Zealand Parliament surpassed the Tongariro National Park Act in October 1894, the park included a place of approximately 252.thirteen km2, however it took till 1907 to accumulate the land. When the Act became renewed in 1922, the park location became prolonged to 586.eight km2. Further extensions, in particular Pihanga Scenic Reserve in 1975, enlarged the park to its cutting-edge length of 786.23 km2. The final change to the Act became surpassed in 1980. Tongariro National Park has been beneathneath the manage of the New Zealand Department of Conservation because the introduction of the branch in 1987.
The first
- The first
The first
sports withinside the younger Tongariro National Park have been the development of traveler huts at the start of the twentieth century. But it became now no longer earlier than starting of the railway in 1908 and the constructing of roads withinside the Thirties that a large variety of humans visited the park. The 2nd Tongariro National Park Act, in 1922, began out a few lively conservation efforts, however it became now no longer till 1931 that the primary everlasting park ranger commenced work. Road creation into Whakapapa valley had already started withinside the 1920s. The first ski hut became constructed in 1923 at an elevation of 1770 m, thereafter a road, and, in 1938, a ski elevate withinside the location. This early traveler improvement explains the as a substitute unusual life of a completely inhabited village and absolutely evolved ski location inside a countrywide park. The lodge Chateau Tongariro, which remains the centre of Whakapapa today, became set up in 1929.
In the early
- In the early
In the early
twentieth century, park directors brought heather to the park, for grouse hunting.[8] Grouse have been by no means without a doubt brought, however the heather is sprawling, threatening the ecological device and endemic vegetation of the park. Efforts are being made to govern the plant's spread, but entire eradication appears unlikely.The Tongariro Power Scheme became designed to keep and guard the herbal environment as tons as possible. It gathers water from the mountains of the principal volcanic plateau, passes it thru Rangipo (120MW) and Tokaanu (240MW) strength stations, and releases it into Lake Taupo. The scheme faucets a catchment location of extra than 2600 km2 and makes use of a chain of lakes, canals and tunnels to take water to the 2 stations which usually generate 1400 GWh pa,. approximately 4 percentage of the country's general strength generation. The greater catchment will increase the extent of water going into Lake Taupo and down the Waikato River with the aid of using 20%.
The western diversion takes water from six rivers and streams from the Whakapapa River to the Whanganui River, into Lake Rotoaira
- The western diversion takes water from six rivers and streams from the Whakapapa River to the Whanganui River, into Lake Rotoaira
The western diversion takes water from six rivers and streams from the Whakapapa River to the Whanganui River, into Lake Rotoaira
through Lake Otamangakau. The Tokaanu strength station is hooked up to Lake Rotoaira through a six kilometre tunnel thru Mount Tihia. It additionally attracts water from the Tongariro River through the Poutu tunnel and canal.
On the
- On the
On the
jap facet of Mount Ruapehu, water is diverted from the Kaimanawa Ranges and headwaters of the Wahianoa River thru a 20 km tunnel into the Rangipo dam. The 120MW Rangipo strength station is 230 m under ground. Its generators are positioned in a cavern reduce from strong rock and coated with concrete. Genesis Energy has evolved mitigation measures with stakeholders that goal to reduce the environmental results of the Tongariro Power Scheme.
Some
- Some
Some
of those measures consist of lake degree management, ecological tracking programmes, and agreements with neighborhood iwi to set up a manner for iwi involvement in environmental tracking and get right of entry to to information. The strength generated on the Tongariro Power Scheme is going into the countrywide grid. Then it's far dispensed to residential, industrial and business clients at some point of New Zealand’s oldest countrywide park has herbal, cultural, and spiritual importance. Several of the summits are taken into consideration sacred and there are numerous Māori spiritual webweb sites in the park. There are loads of views, ecosystems, and volcanoes (each extinct and lively) at some point of Tongariro National Park that make for a super afternoon of hiking, picnicking, and taking pictures. It’s even domestic to Tongariro Alpine Crossing, one of the maximum famous hikes withinside the world.
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