Mount Toubkal

 Toubkal or Tubkal (Berber ⵜⵓⴳⴳ ⴽⴰⵍ Tugg kal; Arabic توبقال Tūbqāl) is a mountain peak in southwestern Morocco, located in the Toubkal National Park. At metres ( ft), it's the uppermost peak in the Atlas Mountains, Morocco, and North Africa. Located 63 km (39 mi) south of the municipality of Marrakesh, and visible from it, Toubkal is an ultra prominent peak, the uppermost for over km ( mi). For trekkers it's"the most popular mountain pretension in the Atlas mountains". (3) Although substantial of the High Atlas consists of sedimentary jewels, the Toubkal massif is an area of tempestuous jewels which have survived into alpine ridges, cut by deep, narrow vales. To the south, the mountain drops hastily down for metres ( ft) to a small lake called Lacd'Ifni. To the west, the mountain's edge is marked by a pass, the Tizin'Ouanoums at metres ( ft). From this pass, the mountain's W-S-W crest rises up to Toubkal West, which forms a shoulder at metres ( ft) before continuing to the sum at metres ( ft). (3) 

 

 The north and western side of Toubkal ducts down to the Mizane Valley, which has the passes of both Tizin'Ouanoums and Tizin'Ouagane at its head. Two hanging vales on the western side of the mountain-the Ikhibi Nord and Ikhibi South hand ready access for ramblers and trekkers to reach Toubkal's sum. At one time the northern hollow handed the normal route of ascent, but the construction of a mountain hutment by the French Alpine Club below Ikhibi Sud now encourages hikers to ascent via the southern route instead. (3) 

Access 

 Toubkal is popular with trampers and ski wanderers, but less so with wanderers, despite its ease of access and sunny climate. (3) Trampers normally approach the mountain from Marrakesh via the road- end whistle-stop of Imlil. Suitable guards can be hired, as well as janitors, to carry tackle and food stocks refined into the mountains. Since 2018, guards are now warranted yea for the normal route, ( citation warranted) due to recent events on the trail ( murder and deadly slips). Otherwise it's a moderate hike and navigation isn't a problem. 

 

 The normal route starts with an easy walk to the whistle-stop of Aroumd. Sometime Aroumd a field is crossed and the route follows the left slant of the vale southwards. The vale bends to the east to the itty-bitty pact of Sidi Chamharouch, which has grown around a Muslim sanctum. At Sidi Chamharouch, the path leads over the torrent and runs hastily uphill to the right side of the Isougouane vale, which leads to two tombstone- reared shelters (Refuge du Toubkal and Refuge Les Mouflons) that are hourly used as base camp at m ( ft). It's possible to buy good tables in the Refuge du Toubkal. Canopies can be pitched near the harborages for a small charge & they offer five dorms for a full of 89 persons. ( citation claimed) The first recorded ascent was on 12 June 1923 by the Marquis de Segonzac, Vincent Berger and Hubert Dolbeau, but the mountain may well have been climbed before that date. (4) Toubkal's height was measured the coming day, and determined as being metres ( ft) (3) Presently measured at metres, the crescendo is capped with a large pyramidal making trigonometric marker, and offers views taking in max of the Atlas and Little Atlas Mountains. It's possible to climb mountain Toubkal in two days-first day up to the asylum (around seven hours), jury day to the apex (around four hours ascent, three hours descent) and back to Imlil (up to five hours). ( citation bore) 

 In summer the mountains can be really dry, but are sometimes subject to storms. Although the temperature should remain above zero during the day, setting conditions are possible over m. In time-out the mountains are covered in snow and ice, and can be prone to avalanches. Skiing is possible as the snow can lie to considerable depth and cover multitudinous rocky rakes. Information about the state of the route can be procured at Marrakesh traveler divisions or at Imlil. 

 

 1) Ikhibi Sud ( normal route). From the Toubkal sanctum, a path crosses the swash, climbs a steep scree rake to the east and enters a hanging vale, either climbs another steep rake to reach a pass (Tizi'n' Toubkal at m). At the pass the route turns left (northwards) up easy rakes to the narrow pinnacle crest of Jebel Toubkal. 

 The ascent during the summer (from May) isnon-technical yet like spiny, only complicated by steep and slippery scree inclines and altitude sickness. Sturdy kicks and proper (windproof) toggery are necessitated, and touring poles are helpful on the scree. An ice- furlough may be necessitated on the remaining snowfields in the early summer. The ascent during the end of the layoff and spring (February/ March) is more spiny; crampons are necessary to soar through the snow and-in some cases-ice. Ascent 960 m ( ft);2.5 – 3 hours. (3) 

 

 2) Ikhibi Nord Not as much soared as Ikhibi Sud, but technically easier. The route starts some distance down the hollow from the Toubkal haven, and turns right (eastwards) to follow a track up through a hanging hollow to a gill on the north side of Toubkal. Ascent1, metres ( ft); 3 – 4 hours. The gill also gives access to fringing peaks of Imouzzer m ( ft) and Tibherine m ( ft) (3) 

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 3) West-North-West Ridge (ONO Arete). (First ascent by J de Lepinay and party, 1936). Infrequently climbed, but a long and agreeable cover containing legion gaps and cathedrals. Some difficulties can be avoided by means of an abseil. Grade III/ IV; 7 hours. 

 

 On 17 December 2018, two wanderers, from Denmark and Norway, were bobbled near to the base of the trail in a terror-affiliated attack. (5)